AFRICOS Study Group Acknowledgement:
We thank the study participants, local implementing partners, and hospital leadership at Kayunga District Hospital, Kericho District Hospital, AC Litein Mission Hospital, Kapkatet District Hospital, Tenwek Mission Hospital, Kapsabet District Hospital, Nandi Hills District Hospital, Kisumu West District Hospital, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital, Mbeya Regional Referral Hospital, Defence Headquarters Medical Center, and the 68th Nigerian Army Reference Hospital. We would also like to thank the AFRICOS Study Group:
From the U.S. Military HIV Research Program Headquarters Group:
| Ajay Parikh | Jillian Chambers | Mary Schmitz | Steve Schech |
| Alexus Reynolds | Kara Lombardi | Matt Romo | Suze Colt |
| Allahna Esber | Katherine Song | Michelle Imbach | Trevor Crowell |
| Badryah Omar | Kimberly Bohince | Patricia Agaba | Tsedal Mebrahtu |
| Danielle Bartolanzo | Leigh Anne Eller | Paul Adjei | |
| Emma Duff | Leilani Francisco | Sean Cavanaugh | |
| Jaclyn Hern | Mark Milazzo | Sharon Stash |
From the AFRICOS Uganda Group:
| Alfred Lutaaya | Evelyn Najjuma | Hellen Birungi | Olive Mugaga |
| Benard Okanyakure | Ezra Musingye | Hilda Mutebe | Paul Wangiri |
| Betty Mwesigwa | Fred Magala | Isaac Kato Kenoly | Phiona Namulondo |
| Cate Kafeero | Freddie Ssentogo | Jacqueline Namugabo | Prossy Naluyima |
| Christina Nanteza | Godfrey Zziwa | Joseph Wandege | Richard Tumusiime |
| Christine Nabanoba | Grace Mirembe | Martha Nantongo | Sylvia Namanda |
| Claire Nakazzi Bagenda | Hannah Kibuuka | Michael Semwogerere | Vamsi Vasireddy |
| Estella Birabwa | Harriet Nabirye | Michael Waiswa | William Lwebuga |
From the AFRICOS South Rift Valley, Kenya Group:
| Aaron Ngeno | Francis Opiyo | Jonah Maswai | Mike Bii |
| Alice Airo | Grace Engoke | Joshua Rotich | Raphael Langat |
| Bornes Ngtech | Ibrahim Daud | Kennedy Labosso | Rither Langat |
| Brighton Omondi | Ignatius Kiptoo | Leonard Cheruiyot | Salome Ndungu |
| Christopher Ochieng | Irene Metet | Linner Rotich | Samuel Kiprotich |
| Danson Gitonga | Isaac Tsikhutsu | Lucy Korir | Susan Ontango |
| Emmanuel Kigen | Janet Ngeno | Mary Leelgo | Zeddy Bett Kesi |
| Enock Changwony | Japhet Towett | Mercy Chelimo | |
| Enock Tonui | Joan Kapkiai | Michael Obonyo |
From the AFRICOS Kisumu, Kenya Group:
| Agnes Atieno | George Suja | Kennedy Obambo | Solomon Otieno |
| Celine Ogari | Iddah Aoko | Lovet Nyawanda | Trizer Achieng |
| Charles Okwaro | John Owuoth | Oscar Adimo | Valentine Sing’oei |
| Elkanah Modi | Joseph Meyo | Paul Omolo | Winnie Rehema |
From the AFRICOS Abuja, Nigeria Group:
| Abdulwasiu Bolaji Tiamiyu | Feyisayo Jegede | Michael Iroezindu | Rosemary Akiga |
| Aminu Suleiman | Helen Nwandu | Ndubuisi Okeke | Samirah Mohammed |
| Blessing Edet Okon | Ifeanyi Okoye | Nnamdi Azuakola | Sunday Odeyemi |
| Chinelo Ekweramadu | Ijeoma Chigbu-Ukaegbu | Onome Enas | Victor Anyebe |
| Chisara Okolo | Lawrence Umeji | Onyinye Eze | Yakubu Adamu |
| Felicia Anayochukwu Odo | Mfreke Asuquo | Rabi Abdu |
From the AFRICOS Lagos, Nigeria Group:
| Abdulkadir Ramatu | Elekwa Chinenye Elizabeth | Michael Iroezindu | Olutunde Ademola Adegbite |
| Adewale Adelakun | Igiri Faith | Ndubuisi Rosemary Obiageli | Rachael Eluwa |
| Aire Commodore Edward Akinwale (Rtd.) | Jacinta Elemere | Nkechinyere Harrison | Uzoegwu Amaka Natalie |
| Asogwa Ugochukwu Linus | Jumoke Titilayo Nwalozie | Nnadi Theodora Nkiru | Victoria Idi |
| Blessing Irekpitan Wilson | Maj Christian Etim Efut | Obende Theresa Owanza | Yakubu Adamu |
| Concilia Uzoamaka Agbaim | Maj. Inalegwu Ochai | Obilor Ifeoma Lauretta | Zahra Parker |
bold = principal investigator